[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1563},["ShallowReactive",2],{"active-banner":3,"navbar-featured-partner-blog":24,"privacy":306,"navbar-pricing-featured":785},{"id":4,"title":5,"date":6,"dismissible":7,"extension":8,"link":9,"link2":10,"linkText":11,"linkText2":12,"meta":13,"stem":21,"variant":22,"__hash__":23},"banners\u002Fbanners\u002Flakestream-ufk-launch.md","StreamNative Introduces Lakestream Architecture and Launches Native Kafka Service","2026-04-07",true,"md","\u002Fblog\u002Ffrom-streams-to-lakestreams","https:\u002F\u002Fconsole.streamnative.cloud\u002Fsignup?from=banner_lakestream-launch","Read Announcement","Sign Up Now",{"body":14},{"type":15,"value":16,"toc":17},"minimark",[],{"title":18,"searchDepth":19,"depth":19,"links":20},"",2,[],"banners\u002Flakestream-ufk-launch","default","zRueBGutATZB0ZnFFHwaEV7F0Di4tnZUHhgOiI4cu6k",{"id":25,"title":26,"authors":27,"body":29,"canonicalUrl":289,"category":290,"createdAt":289,"date":291,"description":292,"extension":8,"featured":7,"image":293,"isDraft":294,"link":289,"meta":295,"navigation":7,"order":296,"path":297,"readingTime":298,"relatedResources":289,"seo":299,"stem":300,"tags":301,"__hash__":305},"blogs\u002Fblog\u002Fstreamnative-recognized-in-the-forrester-wave-streaming-data-platforms-2025.md","StreamNative Recognized as a Contender in The Forrester Wave™: Streaming Data Platforms, Q4 2025",[28],"David Kjerrumgaard",{"type":15,"value":30,"toc":276},[31,39,47,51,67,73,78,81,87,102,109,115,118,124,127,134,140,143,146,157,163,169,172,175,178,184,191,194,197,204,207,210,224,229,233,237,241,245,249,251,268,270],[32,33,35],"h3",{"id":34},"receives-highest-possible-scores-in-both-the-messaging-and-resource-optimization-criteria",[36,37,38],"em",{},"Receives Highest Possible Scores in BOTH the Messaging and Resource Optimization Criteria",[40,41,43],"h2",{"id":42},"introduction",[44,45,46],"strong",{},"Introduction",[48,49,50],"p",{},"Real-time data has become the backbone of modern innovation. As artificial intelligence (AI) and digital services demand instantaneous insights, organizations are realizing that streaming data is no longer optional – it's essential for delivering timely, context-rich experiences. StreamNative's data streaming platform is built precisely for this reality, ensuring data is immediate, reliable, and ready to power critical applications.",[48,52,53,54,63,64],{},"Today, we're excited to announce that Forrester Research has named StreamNative as a Contender in its evaluation, ",[55,56,58],"a",{"href":57},"\u002Freports\u002Frecognized-in-the-forrester-wave-tm-streaming-data-platforms-q4-2025",[36,59,60],{},[44,61,62],{},"The Forrester Wave™: Streaming Data Platforms, Q4 2025",". This report evaluated 15 top streaming data platform providers, and we're proud to share that ",[44,65,66],{},"StreamNative received the highest scores possible—5 out of 5—in both the Messaging and Resource Optimization criteria.",[48,68,69,70],{},"***Forrester's Take: ***",[36,71,72],{},"\"StreamNative is a good fit for enterprises that want an Apache Pulsar implementation that is also compatible with Kafka APIs.\"",[48,74,75],{},[36,76,77],{},"— The Forrester Wave™: Streaming Data Platforms, Q4 2025",[48,79,80],{},"Being recognized in the Forrester Wave is a proud milestone, and for us, it highlights how far StreamNative has come in enabling enterprises to unlock the power of real-time data. In the sections below, we'll dive into what we believe sets StreamNative apart—from our modern architecture and cloud-native design to our open-source foundation and real-time use cases—and how we see these strengths aligning with Forrester's findings.",[40,82,84],{"id":83},"trusted-by-industry-leaders",[44,85,86],{},"Trusted by Industry Leaders",[48,88,89,90,93,94,97,98,101],{},"Companies across industries are already leveraging StreamNative to drive real-time outcomes. Global enterprises like ",[44,91,92],{},"Cisco"," rely on StreamNative to handle massive IoT telemetry, supporting 245 million+ connected devices. Martech leaders such as ",[44,95,96],{},"Iterable"," process billions of events per day with StreamNative for hyper-personalized customer engagement. And in financial services, ",[44,99,100],{},"FICO"," trusts StreamNative to power its real-time fraud detection and analytics pipelines with a secure, scalable streaming backbone.",[48,103,104,105,108],{},"The Forrester report notes that, “",[36,106,107],{},"Customers appreciate the lower infrastructure costs that result from StreamNative’s cost-efficient, Kafka-compatible architecture. Customers note excellent support responsiveness…","”",[40,110,112],{"id":111},"modern-cloud-native-architecture-built-for-scale",[44,113,114],{},"Modern, Cloud-Native Architecture Built for Scale",[48,116,117],{},"From day one, StreamNative was designed with a modern architecture to meet the demanding scale and flexibility requirements of real-time data. Unlike legacy streaming systems that often rely on tightly coupled storage and compute, StreamNative's platform takes a cloud-native approach: it decouples these layers to enable elastic scalability and efficient resource utilization across any environment. The core is powered by Apache Pulsar—a distributed messaging and streaming engine—enhanced with multi-protocol support (including native Apache Kafka API compatibility) to unify diverse data streams under one roof. This means organizations can consolidate siloed messaging systems and handle both high-volume event streams and traditional message queues on a single platform, without sacrificing performance or reliability.",[48,119,120,121,108],{},"Forrester's evaluation described that “",[36,122,123],{},"StreamNative aims to provide a high-performance, multi-protocol streaming data platform: It uses Apache Pulsar with Kafka API compatibility to deliver cost-efficient, real-time applications for enterprises. It appeals to organizations that want a flexible, low-cost streaming solution, due to its focus on scalability and resource optimization, while its investments in Pulsar’s open-source ecosystem and performance optimization make it the primary platform for enterprises wishing to implement Pulsar.",[48,125,126],{},"Our cloud-first, leaderless architecture (with no single broker bottlenecks) and tiered storage model were built to maximize throughput and cost-efficiency for real-time workloads. By separating compute from storage and leveraging distributed object storage, StreamNative can retain huge volumes of event data indefinitely while keeping compute costs in check—effectively providing a flexible, low-cost streaming solution.",[48,128,129,130,133],{},"This modern design not only delivers high performance, but also ensures fault tolerance and geo-distribution out of the box, so enterprises can trust their streaming data is always available and durable. As Forrester’s evaluation noted, StreamNative ",[36,131,132],{},"\"excels at messaging and resource optimization\" and “Its platform supports use cases like real-time analytics and event-driven architectures with robust scalability.","” Our architecture provides the strong foundation that today's real-time applications demand, from ultra-fast data ingestion to seamless scale-out across hybrid and multi-cloud environments.",[40,135,137],{"id":136},"open-source-foundation-and-pulsar-expertise",[44,138,139],{},"Open Source Foundation and Pulsar Expertise",[48,141,142],{},"StreamNative's DNA is rooted in open source innovation. Our founders are the original creators of Apache Pulsar, and we've built our platform with the same open principles: freedom, flexibility, and community-driven innovation. For developers and data teams, this means adopting StreamNative comes with no proprietary lock-in—instead, you get a platform built on open standards and a thriving ecosystem. We offer broad API compatibility (Pulsar, Kafka, JMS, MQTT, and more) so that teams can work with familiar interfaces and integrate StreamNative into existing systems with ease.",[48,144,145],{},"StreamNative is the primary commercial contributor to the Apache Pulsar project and its surrounding ecosystem. We invest heavily in Pulsar's ongoing improvements our investments in Pulsar's open-source ecosystem and performance optimization bolster StreamNative's value. We also foster a vibrant community through initiatives like the Data Streaming Summit and free training resources.",[48,147,148,149,152,153,156],{},"Forrester's assessment noted that StreamNative’s “",[36,150,151],{},"events-driven agents, extensibility, and performance architecture are solid,","” and we're continuing to build on that foundation. ",[44,154,155],{},"We're actively investing in expanding our tooling for observability, governance, schema management, and developer productivity","—areas we recognize as critical for enterprise adoption and where we're committed to accelerating our roadmap.",[48,158,159,160],{},"Being open also means embracing an open ecosystem of technologies. StreamNative actively integrates with the tools and platforms that matter most to our users. We partner with industry leaders like Snowflake, Databricks, Google, and Ververica to ensure our streaming platform works seamlessly with data warehouses, lakehouse storage, and stream processing frameworks. Forrester’s evaluation observed that StreamNative’s ",[36,161,162],{},"\"investments in Pulsar’s open-source ecosystem and performance optimization make it the primary platform for enterprises wishing to implement Pulsar.\"",[40,164,166],{"id":165},"powering-real-time-use-cases-across-industries",[44,167,168],{},"Powering Real-Time Use Cases Across Industries",[48,170,171],{},"One of the greatest validations of StreamNative's approach is the success our customers are achieving with real-time data. StreamNative's platform is versatile and use-case agnostic—if an application demands high-volume, low-latency data movement, we can power it. This flexibility is why our customer base spans industries from finance and IoT to major automobile manufacturers and online gaming. The common thread is that these organizations need to process and react to data in milliseconds, and StreamNative is delivering the capabilities to make that possible.",[48,173,174],{},"Cisco uses StreamNative to underpin an IoT telemetry system of colossal scale, connecting hundreds of millions of devices and thousands of enterprise clients with real-time data streams. The platform's multi-tenant design and proven reliability allow Cisco to offer its customers a live feed of device data with unwavering confidence. In the financial sector, FICO has built streaming pipelines on StreamNative to detect fraud as transactions happen and to monitor systems in real time. With StreamNative's strong guarantees around message durability and ordering, FICO can catch anomalies or suspicious patterns within seconds. And in digital customer engagement, Iterable relies on StreamNative to process billions of events every day—clicks, views, purchases—so that marketers can trigger personalized campaigns instantly based on user behavior.",[48,176,177],{},"Our customers uniformly deal with mission-critical data streams, where downtime or delays are unacceptable. StreamNative's fault-tolerant, scalable infrastructure has proven equal to the task, handling scenarios like bursting to millions of events per second or seamlessly spanning multiple cloud regions. Forrester's report recognized StreamNative for supporting event-driven architectures with robust scalability—which for us is a reflection of our platform's ability to meet the most demanding enterprise requirements.",[40,179,181],{"id":180},"continuing-to-innovate-ursa-orca-and-the-road-ahead",[44,182,183],{},"Continuing to Innovate: Ursa, Orca, and the Road Ahead",[48,185,186,187,190],{},"While we are thrilled to be recognized in Forrester's Streaming Data Platforms Wave, we view this as just the beginning. StreamNative's vision has always been bold: to ",[44,188,189],{},"provide a unified platform that not only handles today's streaming needs but also anticipates the emerging requirements of tomorrow",".",[48,192,193],{},"One key area of focus is the convergence of streaming data with advanced analytics and AI. As Forrester points out in the report, technology leaders should look for platforms that natively integrate messaging, stream processing, and analytics to provide AI agents with real-time, contextualized information. We couldn't agree more. Our award-winning Ursa Engine and Orca Agent Engine are aimed at extending our platform up the stack—bridging the gap between data streams and data lakes, and between event streams and intelligent processing.",[48,195,196],{},"Our new Ursa Engine introduces a lakehouse-native approach to streaming: it can write events directly to table formats like Iceberg on cloud storage, eliminating entire classes of ETL jobs and making fresh data instantly available for analytics queries. By integrating streaming and lakehouse technologies, we help customers collapse data silos and accelerate their AI\u002FML pipelines.",[48,198,199,200,203],{},"Beyond analytics integration, we are also enhancing StreamNative with more out-of-the-box processing and governance capabilities. In the coming months, we plan to introduce new features for lightweight stream processing and transformation, making it easier to build reactive applications directly on the platform. We're also expanding our ecosystem of connectors and integrations, so that whether your data lands in Snowflake, Databricks, or an AI model, StreamNative will seamlessly feed it. ",[44,201,202],{},"We're investing significantly in enterprise features including security, schema registry, governance, and monitoring tooling","—capabilities that are essential for mission-critical deployments and where we're committed to continued improvement.",[48,205,206],{},"This recognition from Forrester energizes us to keep innovating at full speed. We're sharing this honor with our amazing customers, community, and partners who drive us forward every day. Your feedback and real-world challenges have helped shape StreamNative into what it is today, and together, we will shape the future of streaming data. Thank you for joining us on this journey—we're just getting started, and we can't wait to deliver even more value as we continue to evolve our platform. Onward to real-time everything!",[208,209],"hr",{},[32,211,213],{"id":212},"streamnative-in-the-forrester-wave-evaluation-findings",[44,214,215,216,223],{},"StreamNative in ",[44,217,218],{},[55,219,220],{"href":57},[44,221,222],{},"The Forrester Wave™",": Evaluation Findings",[225,226,228],"h5",{"id":227},"recognized-as-a-contender-among-15-streaming-data-platform-providers","• Recognized as a Contender among 15 streaming data platform providers",[225,230,232],{"id":231},"received-the-highest-scores-possible-50-in-both-the-messaging-and-resource-optimization-criteria","* Received the highest scores possible (5.0) in both the Messaging and Resource Optimization criteria",[225,234,236],{"id":235},"cited-as-the-primary-platform-for-enterprises-wishing-to-implement-pulsar","• Cited as the primary platform for enterprises wishing to implement Pulsar",[225,238,240],{"id":239},"noted-for-excelling-at-messaging-and-resource-optimization","• Noted for excelling at messaging and resource optimization",[225,242,244],{"id":243},"customers-cited-lower-infrastructure-costs-and-excellent-support-responsiveness","• Customers cited lower infrastructure costs and excellent support responsiveness",[225,246,248],{"id":247},"recognized-for-supporting-event-driven-architectures-with-robust-scalability","• Recognized for supporting event-driven architectures with robust scalability",[208,250],{},[252,253,255,256,259,260,190],"h6",{"id":254},"forrester-disclaimer-forrester-does-not-endorse-any-company-product-brand-or-service-included-in-its-research-publications-and-does-not-advise-any-person-to-select-the-products-or-services-of-any-company-or-brand-based-on-the-ratings-included-in-such-publications-information-is-based-on-the-best-available-resources-opinions-reflect-judgment-at-the-time-and-are-subject-to-change-for-more-information-read-about-forresters-objectivity-here","**Forrester Disclaimer: **",[36,257,258],{},"Forrester does not endorse any company, product, brand, or service included in its research publications and does not advise any person to select the products or services of any company or brand based on the ratings included in such publications. Information is based on the best available resources. Opinions reflect judgment at the time and are subject to change",". *For more information, read about Forrester’s objectivity *",[55,261,265],{"href":262,"rel":263},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.forrester.com\u002Fabout-us\u002Fobjectivity\u002F",[264],"nofollow",[36,266,267],{},"here",[208,269],{},[252,271,273],{"id":272},"apache-apache-pulsar-apache-kafka-apache-flink-and-other-names-are-trademarks-of-the-apache-software-foundation-no-endorsement-by-apache-or-other-third-parties-is-implied",[36,274,275],{},"Apache®, Apache Pulsar®, Apache Kafka®, Apache Flink® and other names are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. No endorsement by Apache or other third parties is implied.",{"title":18,"searchDepth":19,"depth":19,"links":277},[278,280,281,282,283,284,285],{"id":34,"depth":279,"text":38},3,{"id":42,"depth":19,"text":46},{"id":83,"depth":19,"text":86},{"id":111,"depth":19,"text":114},{"id":136,"depth":19,"text":139},{"id":165,"depth":19,"text":168},{"id":180,"depth":19,"text":183,"children":286},[287],{"id":212,"depth":279,"text":288},"StreamNative in The Forrester Wave™: Evaluation Findings",null,"Company","2025-12-16","StreamNative is recognized in The Forrester Wave™: Streaming Data Platforms, Q4 2025. Discover why Forrester highlights StreamNative's high-performance messaging, efficient resource use, and cost-effective Kafka API compatibility for real-time innovation.","\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F693bd36cf01b217dcb67278f_Streamnative_blog_thumbnail.png",false,{},0,"\u002Fblog\u002Fstreamnative-recognized-in-the-forrester-wave-streaming-data-platforms-2025","10 mins read",{"title":26,"description":292},"blog\u002Fstreamnative-recognized-in-the-forrester-wave-streaming-data-platforms-2025",[302,303,304],"Announcements","Real-Time","Forrester","5Nr1vAcqlQ7yFQfdL0a3MLsNFerVmEOQJXD9Twz5lx8",{"id":307,"title":308,"beforeContentImage":309,"body":312,"description":777,"extension":8,"heroBg":778,"lastUpdated":779,"meta":780,"navigation":7,"path":781,"seo":782,"stem":783,"__hash__":784},"pages\u002Fprivacy.md","Privacy Notice",{"src":310,"alt":311},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fprivacy-policy\u002Ftrust-badges.webp","SOC 2 Type II, HIPAA, and compliance certifications",{"type":15,"value":313,"toc":757},[314,323,326,330,333,337,340,343,346,377,381,384,404,408,411,414,418,421,424,427,482,486,489,492,524,527,553,556,560,563,566,570,573,576,579,582,585,589,592,595,598,602,605,608,612,615,620,624,627,658,665,669,672,690,693,697,700,706,710,716,719,722,726,729,733,739,744,748],[48,315,316,317,322],{},"StreamNative (\"we\", \"us\", or \"our\") is committed to protecting your personal information and your right to privacy. This Privacy Notice describes the use and collection of personal information when you use our digital properties, including when you visit our website, ",[55,318,321],{"href":319,"rel":320},"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.streamnative.io",[264],"www.streamnative.io",", as well as when you use our products and services or otherwise interact with us (together, the \"Services\").",[48,324,325],{},"This Privacy Notice does not apply to information collected about employees, former employees, applicants, contractors, service providers, or business partners of StreamNative. We are not responsible for the actions and privacy policies of third-party websites, and this Privacy Notice does not apply to websites maintained by other companies or organizations to which we may link or who may link to us.",[40,327,329],{"id":328},"who-we-are","Who We Are",[48,331,332],{},"StreamNative is a company specializing in real-time data streaming solutions, founded by the original developers of Apache Pulsar. We empower businesses to leverage their data through innovative, scalable, and reliable technology. Our dedicated team of experts is committed to delivering top-notch tools and services, fostering a culture of collaboration, and upholding the highest standards of privacy and security. At StreamNative, we strive to help organizations unlock the full potential of their data, driving insights and growth with every stream.",[40,334,336],{"id":335},"personal-information-you-disclose-to-us","Personal Information You Disclose to Us",[48,338,339],{},"We collect personal information that you provide to us such as name, address, contact information, passwords and security data, and payment information.",[48,341,342],{},"We collect personal information that you voluntarily provide to us when you register for our Services and express an interest in obtaining information about us or our Services. We also collect personal information when you participate in activities on the Services (such as posting messages in our online forums or entering competitions, contests, or giveaways) or when you otherwise contact us.",[48,344,345],{},"The personal information that we collect depends on the context of your interactions with us and the Services, the choices you make, and the products and features you use. The personal information we collect may include the following:",[347,348,349,356,362,368,374],"ul",{},[350,351,352,355],"li",{},[44,353,354],{},"Name and Contact Data",": We may collect your first and last name, email address, postal address, phone number, and other similar contact data.",[350,357,358,361],{},[44,359,360],{},"Account Credentials",": We may collect passwords, password hints, and similar security information used for authentication and account access.",[350,363,364,367],{},[44,365,366],{},"Payment Information",": We may collect credit card and bank account information in order to provide you with our Services.",[350,369,370,373],{},[44,371,372],{},"User Inquiries",": Users who contact us with questions may be required to give us additional information to assist us in resolving their questions or to assist us in our business.",[350,375,376],{},"All personal information that you provide to us must be true, complete, and accurate, and you must notify us of any changes to such personal information.",[40,378,380],{"id":379},"personal-information-collected-automatically","Personal Information Collected Automatically",[48,382,383],{},"We or our service providers may automatically log information about you, your computer or mobile device, and your activity occurring on or through our Services, such as:",[347,385,386,392,398],{},[350,387,388,391],{},[44,389,390],{},"Device Information",": We may collect device identifiers and settings such as your computer or mobile device model, IP address, other unique device identifiers, operating system version, browser type, language, and settings, and device type and settings.",[350,393,394,397],{},[44,395,396],{},"Usage Information",": We may collect information about the Services you use, the time, date, and duration of your use of the Services, your interaction with content offered through the Services, browsing and search history, advertisement interactions, and software crash reports. We may also collect information stored using cookies, mobile ad identifiers, and similar technologies set on your device. Our servers may automatically keep an activity log of your use of the Services.",[350,399,400,403],{},[44,401,402],{},"Location Information",": We collect and store your device's source IP address, which may disclose the general location of your device at the time you access the Services and precise location derived from GPS-enabled services.",[40,405,407],{"id":406},"personal-information-collected-from-third-parties","Personal Information Collected from Third Parties",[48,409,410],{},"We may collect limited data from public databases, marketing partners, and other outside third-party sources.",[48,412,413],{},"We may obtain information about you from other sources, such as public databases, joint marketing partners, as well as from other third parties. Examples of the information we receive from other sources include social media profile information; marketing leads, and search results and links, including paid listings (such as sponsored links).",[40,415,417],{"id":416},"how-we-use-your-information","How We Use Your Information",[48,419,420],{},"We process your information for purposes based on legitimate business interests, the fulfillment of our contract with you, compliance with our legal obligations, and\u002For your consent.",[48,422,423],{},"We use personal information collected via our Services for a variety of business purposes described below. We process your personal information for these purposes in reliance on our legitimate business interests, in order to enter into or perform a contract with you, with your consent, and\u002For for compliance with our legal obligations. We indicate the specific processing grounds we rely on next to each purpose listed below.",[48,425,426],{},"We use the information we collect or receive:",[347,428,429,432,435,438,441,449,452,455,458,461,464,467,470,473,476,479],{},[350,430,431],{},"To facilitate account creation and logon process. If you choose to link your account with us to a third-party account (such as your Google or Facebook account), we use the information you allowed us to collect from those third parties to facilitate account creation and logon process for the performance of the contract.",[350,433,434],{},"To send you marketing and promotional communications. We and\u002For our third-party marketing partners may use the personal information you send to us for our marketing purposes, if this is in accordance with your marketing preferences. You can opt-out of our marketing emails at any time (see the \"What Are Your Privacy Rights\" section below).",[350,436,437],{},"To send administrative information to you. We may use your personal information to send you product, service, and new feature information and\u002For information about changes to our terms, conditions, and policies.",[350,439,440],{},"To fulfill and manage your orders. We may use your information to fulfill and manage your orders, payments, returns, and exchanges made through the Services.",[350,442,443,444,448],{},"To post testimonials. We post testimonials on our Services that may contain personal information. Prior to posting a testimonial, we will obtain your consent to use your name and testimonial. If you wish to update, or delete your testimonial, please contact us at ",[55,445,447],{"href":446},"mailto:info@streamnative.io","info@streamnative.io"," and be sure to include your name, testimonial location, and contact information.",[350,450,451],{},"To deliver targeted advertising to you. We may use your information to develop and display content and advertising (and work with third parties who do so) tailored to your interests and\u002For location and to measure its effectiveness.",[350,453,454],{},"To administer prize draws and competitions. We may use your information to administer prize draws and competitions when you elect to participate in competitions.",[350,456,457],{},"To request feedback. We may use your information to request feedback and to contact you about your use of our Services.",[350,459,460],{},"To protect our Services. We may use your information as part of our efforts to keep our Services safe and secure (for example, for fraud monitoring and prevention).",[350,462,463],{},"To enable user-to-user communications. We may use your information in order to enable user-to-user communications with each user's consent.",[350,465,466],{},"To enforce our terms, conditions, and policies for business purposes, legal reasons, and contractual reasons.",[350,468,469],{},"To respond to legal requests and prevent harm. If we receive a subpoena or other legal request, we may need to inspect the data we hold to determine how to respond.",[350,471,472],{},"To manage user accounts. We may use your information for the purposes of managing our account and keeping it in working order.",[350,474,475],{},"To deliver services to the user. We may use your information to provide you with the requested service.",[350,477,478],{},"To respond to user inquiries\u002Foffer support to users. We may use your information to respond to your inquiries and solve any potential issues you might have with the use of our Services.",[350,480,481],{},"For other Business Purposes. We may use your information for other Business Purposes, such as data analysis, identifying usage trends, determining the effectiveness of our promotional campaigns, and evaluating and improving our Services, products, marketing, and your experience. We may use and store this information in aggregated and anonymized form so that it is not associated with individual end users and does not include personal information. We will not use identifiable personal information without your consent.",[40,483,485],{"id":484},"sharing-of-personal-information","Sharing of Personal Information",[48,487,488],{},"We only share information with your consent, to comply with laws, to provide you with our Services, to protect your rights, or to fulfill business obligations.",[48,490,491],{},"We may process or share data based on the following legal basis:",[347,493,494,500,506,512,518],{},[350,495,496,499],{},[44,497,498],{},"Consent",": We may process your data if you have given us specific consent to use your personal information for a specific purpose.",[350,501,502,505],{},[44,503,504],{},"Legitimate Interests",": We may process your data when it is reasonably necessary to achieve our legitimate business interests.",[350,507,508,511],{},[44,509,510],{},"Performance of a Contract",": Where we have entered into a contract with you, we may process your personal information to fulfill the terms of our contract.",[350,513,514,517],{},[44,515,516],{},"Legal Obligations",": We may disclose your information where we are legally required to do so in order to comply with applicable law, governmental requests, a judicial proceeding, court order, or a subpoena (including in response to public authorities to meet national security or law enforcement requirements).",[350,519,520,523],{},[44,521,522],{},"Vital Interests",": We may disclose your information where we believe it is necessary to investigate, prevent, or take action regarding potential violations of our policies, suspected fraud, situations involving potential threats to the safety of any person and illegal activities, or as evidence in litigation in which we are involved.",[48,525,526],{},"More specifically, we may need to process your data or share your personal information in the following situations:",[347,528,529,535,541,547],{},[350,530,531,534],{},[44,532,533],{},"Vendors, Consultants and Other Third-Party Service Providers",": We may share your data with third-party vendors, service providers, contractors, or agents who perform services for us or on our behalf and require access to such information to do that work. Examples include payment processing, data analysis, email delivery, hosting services, customer service, and marketing efforts. We may allow selected third parties to use tracking technology on the Services, which will enable them to collect data about how you interact with the Services over time. This information may be used to, among other things, analyze and track data, determine the popularity of certain content, and better understand online activity. Unless described in this Privacy Notice, we do not share, sell, rent, or trade any of your information with third parties for their promotional purposes.",[350,536,537,540],{},[44,538,539],{},"Business Transfers",": We may share or transfer your information in connection with, or during negotiations of, any merger, sale of company assets, financing, or acquisition of all or a portion of our business to another company.",[350,542,543,546],{},[44,544,545],{},"Third-Party Advertisers",": We may use third-party advertising companies to serve ads when you visit the Services. These companies may use information about your visits to our Website(s) and other websites that are contained in web cookies and other tracking technologies in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you.",[350,548,549,552],{},[44,550,551],{},"Business Partners",": We may share your information with our business partners to offer you certain products, services, or promotions.",[48,554,555],{},"No mobile information will be shared with third parties\u002Faffiliates for marketing\u002Fpromotional purposes. All other categories exclude text messaging originator opt-in data and consent; this information will not be shared with any third parties.",[40,557,559],{"id":558},"cookies-and-other-tracking-technologies","Cookies and Other Tracking Technologies",[48,561,562],{},"We may use cookies and other tracking technologies to collect and store your information.",[48,564,565],{},"We may use cookies and similar tracking technologies (like web beacons and pixels) to access or store information. Specific information about how we use such technologies and how you can refuse certain cookies is set out in our Cookie Policy.",[40,567,569],{"id":568},"international-transfer-of-your-information","International Transfer of Your Information",[48,571,572],{},"We may transfer, store, and process your information in countries other than your own.",[48,574,575],{},"Our servers are located in the United States. If you are accessing our Services from outside of the United States, please be aware that your information may be transferred to, stored, and processed by us in our facilities and by those third parties with whom we may share your personal information (see \"Will Your Information Be Shared With Anyone?\" above), in and other countries.",[48,577,578],{},"Due to the global nature of our operations, some of the recipients of your personal information may be located in countries outside of your country of residence, including countries that may not provide the same level of data protection as your home jurisdiction.",[48,580,581],{},"For transfers to recipients located in countries not recognized as providing an adequate level of data protection, we take all necessary measures to safeguard your information in accordance with this Privacy Notice and applicable laws. These measures may include entering into data transfer agreements, incorporating Standard Contractual Clauses approved by the European Commission or the U.K. Information Commissioner's Office, adhering to approved codes of conduct, implementing certification mechanisms, or relying on permissible statutory derogations.",[48,583,584],{},"If you are a resident in the European Economic Area, then these countries may not have data protection or other laws as comprehensive as those in your country. Certain countries have been officially recognized as providing an adequate level of data protection under applicable data protection laws, in which case no additional safeguards are required. We will however take all necessary measures to protect your personal information in accordance with this Privacy Notice and applicable law.",[40,586,588],{"id":587},"how-long-we-retain-your-information","How Long We Retain Your Information",[48,590,591],{},"We keep your information for as long as necessary to fulfill the purposes outlined in this Privacy Notice unless otherwise required by law.",[48,593,594],{},"We will only keep your personal information for as long as it is necessary for the purposes set out in this Privacy Notice unless a longer retention period is required or permitted by law (such as tax, accounting, or other legal requirements).",[48,596,597],{},"When we have no ongoing legitimate business need to process your personal information, we will either delete or anonymize it, or, if this is not possible (for example, because your personal information has been stored in backup archives), then we will securely store your personal information and isolate it from any further processing until deletion is possible.",[40,599,601],{"id":600},"keeping-your-information-secure","Keeping Your Information Secure",[48,603,604],{},"We aim to protect your personal information through a system of reasonable organizational and technical security measures.",[48,606,607],{},"We have implemented reasonable and appropriate technical and organizational security measures designed to protect the security of any personal information we process. However, please also remember that we cannot guarantee that the internet itself is 100% secure. Although we will do our best to protect your personal information, the transmission of personal information to and from our Services is at your own risk. You should only access the services within a secure environment.",[40,609,611],{"id":610},"collection-of-information-from-minors","Collection of Information from Minors",[48,613,614],{},"We do not knowingly collect data from or market to children under 18 years of age.",[48,616,617,618,190],{},"We do not knowingly solicit data from or market to children under 18 years of age. By using the Services, you represent that you are at least 18 or that you are the parent or guardian of such a minor and consent to such minor dependent's use of the Services. If we learn that personal information from users less than 18 years of age has been collected, we will deactivate the account and take reasonable measures to promptly delete such data from our records. If you become aware of any data we have collected from children under age 18, please contact us at ",[55,619,447],{"href":446},[40,621,623],{"id":622},"us-states-privacy-rights","U.S. States Privacy Rights",[48,625,626],{},"Some US states, such as California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Montana, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Virginia provide (now or in the future) their state residents with rights to:",[347,628,629,632,635,638,641,655],{},[350,630,631],{},"Confirm whether we process their personal information.",[350,633,634],{},"Access and delete certain personal information.",[350,636,637],{},"Correct inaccuracies in their personal information, taking into account the information's nature processing purpose (excluding Iowa and Utah).",[350,639,640],{},"Data portability.",[350,642,643,644],{},"Opt-out of personal data processing for:\n",[347,645,646,649,652],{},[350,647,648],{},"targeted advertising (excluding Iowa);",[350,650,651],{},"sales; or",[350,653,654],{},"profiling in furtherance of decisions that produce legal or similarly significant effects (excluding Iowa and Utah).",[350,656,657],{},"Either limit (opt-out of) or require consent to process sensitive personal data.",[48,659,660,661,190],{},"The exact scope of these rights may vary by state. To exercise any of these rights please email ",[55,662,664],{"href":663},"mailto:privacy@streamnative.io","privacy@streamnative.io",[40,666,668],{"id":667},"european-data-protection-rights-eea-residents","European Data Protection Rights (EEA Residents)",[48,670,671],{},"If the processing of personal data about you is subject to European Union data protection law, you have certain rights with respect to that data:",[347,673,674,677,680,683],{},[350,675,676],{},"You may request access to, and correction or erasure of, your personal information at any time.",[350,678,679],{},"You can object to the processing of your personal information, ask us to restrict processing of your personal information, or request portability of your personal information.",[350,681,682],{},"If the processing of personal information is based on your consent, you have a right to withdraw consent at any time for future processing.",[350,684,685,686,190],{},"You have the right to file a complaint with your local data protection authority about our collection and use of your personal information. Contact details for data protection authorities in the European Economic Area (EEA) are available at",[55,687,688],{"href":688,"rel":689},"https:\u002F\u002Fec.europa.eu\u002Fjustice\u002Farticle-29\u002Fstructure\u002Fdata-protection-authorities\u002Findex_en.htm",[264],[48,691,692],{},"StreamNative does not engage in any automated decision-making with your personal information.",[40,694,696],{"id":695},"choices-about-personal-information","Choices About Personal Information",[48,698,699],{},"Depending on your location, your jurisdiction, and subject to applicable law, you may have the following rights with regard to the personal information we control about you. We will respond to your requests within the appropriate timeline under applicable law.",[48,701,702,705],{},[44,703,704],{},"Communications Preferences",": You can unsubscribe from our marketing email list at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the emails that we send or by contacting us using the details provided below. You will then be removed from the marketing email list – however, we will still need to send you service-related emails that are necessary for the administration and use of your account.",[40,707,709],{"id":708},"california-and-ccpa-privacy-rights-and-disclosures","California and CCPA Privacy Rights and Disclosures",[48,711,712,715],{},[44,713,714],{},"CCPA",": The California Consumer Privacy Act (\"CCPA\") applies to \"Businesses\" \"doing business\" in California and to California residents. It applies to \"personal information,\" which is defined as information that identifies, relates to, describes, is reasonably capable of being associated with, or could reasonably be linked, directly or indirectly, with California consumers. The CCPA grants California consumers rights with respect to the collection of their personal information, including, among other things, the right to delete the personal information a business holds about them, the right to opt-out of the sale of their personal information, and the right to know what personal information a business collects about them.",[48,717,718],{},"StreamNative operates in a business-to-business (\"B2B\") context and as a service provider pursuant to contracts we have with our commercial clients (the \"Client\"). In such instances, we are obligated to process the personal information we collect or are provided in connection with the Services in accordance with instructions from or the contract with our Client, which is the \"Business\" ultimately responsible for determining how your personal information will be handled. Accordingly, if you are using the Services in connection with your role as an employee of a Client, or by virtue of some other relationship with a Client, we encourage you to review that Client's privacy policy to understand the full scope of how your personal information will be handled. Further, in any case where we are acting as a service provider to a Client, if you or your authorized agent (together referred to hereinafter, where applicable, as \"you\") wish to exercise any rights that may be available to you under the CCPA, you should direct your request to the Client, who is the party responsible for receiving, assessing, and responding to your requests under the CCPA.",[48,720,721],{},"We do not sell the personal information of California consumers as defined under the CCPA.",[40,723,725],{"id":724},"changes-to-notice","Changes to Notice",[48,727,728],{},"StreamNative may revise this Privacy Notice from time to time. We will notify you of any material changes by posting the new Privacy Notice on our digital properties. Your continued use of the Services after changes have been posted will constitute your acceptance of this Privacy Notice and any changes.",[40,730,732],{"id":731},"how-to-contact-us","How to Contact Us",[48,734,735,736,738],{},"Please contact us at ",[55,737,664],{"href":663}," if you have any questions or concerns about our Privacy Notice or our practices regarding your personal information. Our main address is 440 N Wolfe Rd, Sunnyvale, CA 94085.",[48,740,741,742,190],{},"If you would like to exercise any of your rights for yourself or on behalf of someone else, please email us at ",[55,743,664],{"href":663},[40,745,747],{"id":746},"trust-center","Trust Center",[48,749,750,751,756],{},"For detailed information on our security practices, compliance certifications, and trust commitments, visit ",[55,752,755],{"href":753,"rel":754},"http:\u002F\u002Ftrust.streamnative.io\u002F",[264],"trust.streamnative.io",". Our Trust Center provides insights into how we protect your data, maintain security standards, and ensure compliance with industry regulations.\"",{"title":18,"searchDepth":19,"depth":19,"links":758},[759,760,761,762,763,764,765,766,767,768,769,770,771,772,773,774,775,776],{"id":328,"depth":19,"text":329},{"id":335,"depth":19,"text":336},{"id":379,"depth":19,"text":380},{"id":406,"depth":19,"text":407},{"id":416,"depth":19,"text":417},{"id":484,"depth":19,"text":485},{"id":558,"depth":19,"text":559},{"id":568,"depth":19,"text":569},{"id":587,"depth":19,"text":588},{"id":600,"depth":19,"text":601},{"id":610,"depth":19,"text":611},{"id":622,"depth":19,"text":623},{"id":667,"depth":19,"text":668},{"id":695,"depth":19,"text":696},{"id":708,"depth":19,"text":709},{"id":724,"depth":19,"text":725},{"id":731,"depth":19,"text":732},{"id":746,"depth":19,"text":747},"Discover how StreamNative respects, collects, and protects your personal data. Learn about our privacy practices and your rights. Visit our privacy policy page.","\u002Fimgs\u002Fprivacy-policy\u002Fhero-bg.webp","February 17, 2026",{},"\u002Fprivacy",{"title":308,"description":777},"privacy","BlPhZ2MnNgtLUX43MBvEPiQsU8J0ZMGdqThwYU-AzHE",{"id":786,"title":787,"authors":788,"body":793,"canonicalUrl":289,"category":1550,"createdAt":289,"date":1551,"description":1552,"extension":8,"featured":7,"image":1553,"isDraft":294,"link":289,"meta":1554,"navigation":7,"order":296,"path":1555,"readingTime":1556,"relatedResources":289,"seo":1557,"stem":1558,"tags":1559,"__hash__":1562},"blogs\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-we-run-a-5-gb-s-kafka-workload-for-just-50-per-hour.md","How We Run a 5 GB\u002Fs Kafka Workload for Just $50 per Hour",[789,790,791,792],"Matteo Meril","Neng Lu","Hang Chen","Penghui Li",{"type":15,"value":794,"toc":1520},[795,798,801,804,807,810,814,817,825,831,834,842,847,851,858,861,864,872,876,879,884,888,891,894,897,900,909,913,916,927,930,934,937,940,951,954,958,962,970,973,977,985,1014,1018,1021,1026,1030,1033,1037,1040,1043,1048,1057,1062,1065,1068,1079,1083,1086,1097,1101,1104,1107,1112,1115,1144,1148,1150,1156,1159,1164,1169,1172,1176,1190,1194,1205,1209,1224,1233,1244,1247,1250,1254,1257,1260,1271,1274,1277,1280,1285,1290,1294,1298,1315,1319,1333,1338,1342,1353,1356,1372,1376,1387,1392,1397,1405,1409,1412,1416,1423,1427,1430,1439,1444,1453,1459,1468,1477,1486,1495,1504,1512],[48,796,797],{},"The rise of DeepSeek has shaken the AI infrastructure market, forcing companies to confront the escalating costs of training and deploying AI models. But the real pressure point isn’t just compute—it’s data acquisition and ingestion costs.",[48,799,800],{},"As businesses rethink their AI cost-containment strategies, real-time data streaming is emerging as a critical enabler. The growing adoption of Kafka as a standard protocol has expanded cost-efficient options, allowing companies to optimize streaming analytics while keeping expenses in check.",[48,802,803],{},"Ursa, the data streaming engine powering StreamNative’s managed Kafka service, is built for this new reality. With its leaderless architecture and native lakehouse storage integration, Ursa eliminates costly inter-zone network traffic for data replication and client-to-broker communication while ensuring high availability at minimal operational cost.",[48,805,806],{},"In this blog post, we benchmarked the infrastructure cost and total cost of ownership (TCO) for running a 5GB\u002Fs Kafka workload across different Kafka vendors, including Redpanda, Confluent WarpStream, and AWS MSK. Our benchmark results show that Ursa can sustain 5GB\u002Fs Kafka workloads at just 5% of the cost of traditional streaming engines like Redpanda—making it the ideal solution for high-performance, cost-efficient ingestion and data streaming for data lakehouses and AI workloads.",[48,808,809],{},"Note: We also evaluated vanilla Kafka in our benchmark; however, for simplicity, we have focused our cost comparison on vendor solutions rather than self-managed deployments. That said, it is important to highlight that both Redpanda and vanilla Kafka use a leader-based data replication approach. In a data-intensive, network-bound workload like 5GB\u002Fs streaming, with the same machine type and replication factor, Redpanda and vanilla Kafka produced nearly identical cost profiles.",[40,811,813],{"id":812},"key-benchmark-findings","Key Benchmark Findings",[48,815,816],{},"Ursa delivered 5 GB\u002Fs of sustained throughput at an infrastructure cost of just $54 per hour. For comparison:",[347,818,819,822],{},[350,820,821],{},"MSK: $303 per hour → 5.6x more expensive compared to Ursa",[350,823,824],{},"Redpanda: $988 per hour → 18x more expensive compared to Ursa",[48,826,827],{},[828,829],"img",{"alt":18,"src":830},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c71b67d9046f26edc7977_AD_4nXfvTqyBNUBu2lObdkKAx-5UNkpNP8UYULLZyOcixE6z99VMZUUEsUqWjzexI7vjyNGRNSAUoM9smYvdTP55ctAhIbrs5lmQgcSVMWdaoigbWouCl95DVSQsxooY-qqfGcYqS4g4zA.png",[48,832,833],{},"Beyond infrastructure costs, when factoring in both storage pricing, vendor pricing and operational expenses, Ursa’s total cost of ownership (TCO) for a 5GB\u002Fs workload with a 7-day retention period is:",[347,835,836,839],{},[350,837,838],{},"50% cheaper than Confluent WarpStream",[350,840,841],{},"85% cheaper than MSK and Redpanda",[48,843,844],{},[828,845],{"alt":18,"src":846},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602d77e9c706de5343b8_AD_4nXeDv8rrv_C1CTCCiqYo1zpvlGYbdBk1r0VEqovAPu22iFMQZgh54Hfw9PBMLzM7jDFxKwAFDxbdG0np4XVk_tGsWhEKMloLRcmmea7lvueCx-0cFsyaE3Mya4Mxc1Dox95A6JEc.png",[40,848,850],{"id":849},"ursa-highly-cost-efficient-data-streaming-at-scale","Ursa: Highly Cost-Efficient Data Streaming at Scale",[48,852,853,857],{},[55,854,856],{"href":855},"\u002Fblog\u002Fursa-reimagine-apache-kafka-for-the-cost-conscious-data-streaming","Ursa"," is a next-generation data streaming engine designed to deliver high performance at a fraction of the cost of traditional disk-based solutions. It is fully compatible with Apache Kafka and Apache Pulsar APIs, while leveraging a leaderless, lakehouse-native architecture to maximize scalability, efficiency, and cost savings.",[48,859,860],{},"Ursa’s key innovation is separating storage from compute and decoupling metadata\u002Findex operations from data operations by utilizing cloud object storage (e.g., AWS S3) instead of costly inter-zone disk-based replication. It also employs open lakehouse formats (Iceberg and Delta Lake), enabling columnar compression to significantly reduce storage costs while maintaining durability and availability.",[48,862,863],{},"In contrast, traditional streaming systems—like Kafka and Redpanda—depend on leader-based architectures, which drive up inter-zone traffic costs due to replication and client communication. Ursa mitigates these costs by:",[347,865,866,869],{},[350,867,868],{},"Eliminating inter-zone traffic costs via a leaderless architecture.",[350,870,871],{},"Replacing costly inter-zone replication with direct writes to cloud storage using open lakehouse formats.",[40,873,875],{"id":874},"how-ursa-eliminates-inter-zone-traffic","How Ursa Eliminates Inter-Zone Traffic",[48,877,878],{},"Ursa minimizes inter-zone traffic by leveraging a leaderless architecture, which eliminates inter-zone communication between clients and brokers, and lakehouse-native storage, which removes the need for inter-zone data replication. This approach ensures high availability and scalability while avoiding unnecessary cross-zone data movement.",[48,880,881],{},[828,882],{"alt":18,"src":883},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602e21b3571bb7117dca_AD_4nXd7Oahc77NjRLNvA9clLt0tsyU6MrIqVibFYv5pW5giTIcCHPr3EA_yTGzfVEUIVO3VXK56qWK8zmBCp5lY0E_4nmlWIPFrHjtHylA5NhwELjn-UB0fLG2h_kbrxrc7Cs_edvveNA.png",[32,885,887],{"id":886},"leaderless-architecture","Leaderless architecture",[48,889,890],{},"Traditional streaming engines such as Kafka, Pulsar, or RedPanda rely on a leader-based model, where each partition is assigned to a single leader broker that handles all writes and reads.",[48,892,893],{},"Pros of Leader-Based Architectures:\n✔ Maintains message ordering via local sequence IDs\n✔ Delivers low latency and high performance through message caching",[48,895,896],{},"Cons of Leader-Based Architectures:\n✖ Throughput bottlenecked by a single broker per partition\n✖ Inter-zone traffic required for high availability in multi-AZ deployments",[48,898,899],{},"While Kafka and Pulsar offer partial solutions (e.g., reading from followers, shadow topics) to reduce read-related inter-zone traffic, producers still send data to a single leader.",[48,901,902,903,908],{},"Ursa removes the concept of topic ownership, allowing any broker in the cluster to handle reads or writes for any partition. The primary challenge—ensuring message ordering—is solved with ",[55,904,907],{"href":905,"rel":906},"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fstreamnative\u002Foxia",[264],"Oxia",", a scalable metadata and index service created by StreamNative in 2022.",[32,910,912],{"id":911},"oxia-the-metadata-layer-enabling-leaderless-architecture","Oxia: The Metadata Layer Enabling Leaderless Architecture",[48,914,915],{},"Ensuring message ordering in a leaderless architecture is complex, but Ursa solves this with Oxia:",[347,917,918,921,924],{},[350,919,920],{},"Handles millions of metadata\u002Findex operations per second",[350,922,923],{},"Generates sequential IDs to maintain strict message ordering",[350,925,926],{},"Optimized for Kubernetes with horizontal scalability",[48,928,929],{},"Producers and consumers can connect to any broker within their local AZ, eliminating inter-zone traffic costs while maintaining performance through localized caching.",[32,931,933],{"id":932},"zero-interzone-data-replication","Zero interzone data replication",[48,935,936],{},"In most distributed systems, data replication from a leader (primary) to followers (replicas) is crucial for fault tolerance and availability. However, replication across zones can inflate infrastructure expenses substantially.",[48,938,939],{},"Ursa avoids these costs by writing data directly to cloud storage (e.g., AWS S3, Google GCS):",[347,941,942,945,948],{},[350,943,944],{},"Built-In Resilience: Cloud storage inherently offers high availability and fault tolerance without inter-zone traffic fees.",[350,946,947],{},"Tradeoff: Slightly higher latency (sub-second, with p99 at 500 milliseconds) compared to local disk\u002FEBS (single-digit to sub-100 milliseconds), in exchange for significantly lower costs (up to 10x lower).",[350,949,950],{},"Flexible Modes: Ursa is an addition to the classic BookKeeper-based engine, providing users with the flexibility to optimize for either cost or low latency based on their workload requirements.",[48,952,953],{},"By foregoing conventional replication, Ursa slashes inter-zone traffic costs and associated complexities—making it a compelling option for organizations seeking to balance high-performance data streaming with strict budget constraints.",[40,955,957],{"id":956},"how-we-ran-a-5-gbs-test-with-ursa","How We Ran a 5 GB\u002Fs Test with Ursa",[32,959,961],{"id":960},"ursa-cluster-deployment","Ursa Cluster Deployment",[347,963,964,967],{},[350,965,966],{},"9 brokers across 3 availability zones, each on m6i.8xlarge (Fixed 12.5 Gbps bandwidth, 32 vCPU cores, 128 GB memory).",[350,968,969],{},"Oxia cluster (metadata store) with 3 nodes of m6i.8xlarge, distributed across three availability zones (AZs).",[48,971,972],{},"During peak throughput (5 GB\u002Fs), each broker’s network usage was about 10 Gbps.",[32,974,976],{"id":975},"openmessaging-benchmark-workers-configuration","OpenMessaging Benchmark Workers & Configuration",[48,978,979,980,984],{},"The OpenMessaging Benchmark(OMB) Framework is a suite of tools that make it easy to benchmark distributed messaging systems in the cloud. Please check ",[55,981,982],{"href":982,"rel":983},"https:\u002F\u002Fopenmessaging.cloud\u002Fdocs\u002Fbenchmarks\u002F",[264]," for details.",[347,986,987,1002,1011],{},[350,988,989,990,995,996,1001],{},"12 OMB workers: 6 for ",[55,991,994],{"href":992,"rel":993},"https:\u002F\u002Fgist.github.com\u002Fcodelipenghui\u002Fd1094122270775e4f1580947f80c5055",[264],"producers",", 6 for ",[55,997,1000],{"href":998,"rel":999},"https:\u002F\u002Fgist.github.com\u002Fcodelipenghui\u002F06bada89381fb77a7862e1b4c1d8963d",[264],"consumers"," across 3 availability zones, on m6i.8xlarge instances. Each worker is configured with 12 CPU cores and 48 GB memory.",[350,1003,1004,1005,1010],{},"Sample YAML ",[55,1006,1009],{"href":1007,"rel":1008},"https:\u002F\u002Fgist.github.com\u002Fcodelipenghui\u002F204c1f26c4d44a218ae235bf2de99904",[264],"scripts"," provided for Kafka-compatible configuration and rate limits.",[350,1012,1013],{},"Achieved consistent 5 GB\u002Fs publish\u002Fsubscribe throughput.",[40,1015,1017],{"id":1016},"ursa-benchmark-tests-results","Ursa Benchmark Tests & Results",[48,1019,1020],{},"The following diagram demonstrates that Ursa can consistently handle 5 GB\u002Fs of traffic, fully saturating the network across all broker nodes.",[48,1022,1023],{},[828,1024],{"alt":18,"src":1025},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602d7b261bac1113f7d6_AD_4nXdDPsRc3koXICiFF0bqSmGWbJt_RlUy4FE3ruuWOfbCfpcqZ1dejjqGbkaCJv2hQFL1nirRouBVRW2l5uMWBvY9naMqGB_wHcLI14dBM0f85TXhmdm3UxEv1yGX9Y4hf5FttSkZew.png",[40,1027,1029],{"id":1028},"comparing-infrastructure-cost","Comparing Infrastructure Cost",[48,1031,1032],{},"This benchmark first evaluates infrastructure costs of running a 5 GB\u002Fs streaming workload (1:1 producer-to-consumer ratio) across different data streaming engines, including Ursa, Redpanda, and AWS MSK, with a focus on multi-AZ deployments to ensure a fair comparison.",[32,1034,1036],{"id":1035},"test-setup-key-assumptions","Test Setup & Key Assumptions",[48,1038,1039],{},"All tests use multi-AZ configurations, with clusters and clients distributed across three AWS availability zones (AZs). Cluster size scales proportionally to the number of AZs, and rack-awareness is enabled for all engines to evenly distribute topic partitions and leaders.",[48,1041,1042],{},"To ensure a fair comparison, we selected the same machine type capable of fully utilizing both network and storage bandwidth for Ursa and Redpanda in this 5GB\u002Fs test:",[347,1044,1045],{},[350,1046,1047],{},"9 × m6i.8xlarge instances",[48,1049,1050,1051,1056],{},"However, MSK's storage bandwidth limits vary depending on the selected instance type, with the highest allowed limit capped at 1000 MiB\u002Fs per broker, according to",[55,1052,1055],{"href":1053,"rel":1054},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.aws.amazon.com\u002Fmsk\u002Flatest\u002Fdeveloperguide\u002Fmsk-provision-throughput-management.html#throughput-bottlenecks",[264]," AWS documentation",". Given this constraint, achieving 5 GB\u002Fs throughput with a replication factor of 3 required the following setup:",[347,1058,1059],{},[350,1060,1061],{},"15 × kafka.m7g.8xlarge (32 vCPUs, 128 GB memory, 15 Gbps network, 4000 GiB EBS).",[48,1063,1064],{},"This configuration was necessary to work around MSK's storage bandwidth limitations, ensuring a comparable cost basis to other evaluated streaming engines.",[48,1066,1067],{},"Additional key assumptions include:",[347,1069,1070,1073,1076],{},[350,1071,1072],{},"Inter-AZ producer traffic: For leader-based engines, two-thirds of producer-to-broker traffic crosses AZs due to leader distribution.",[350,1074,1075],{},"Consumer optimizations: Follower fetch is enabled across all tests, eliminating inter-AZ consumer traffic.",[350,1077,1078],{},"Storage cost exclusions: This benchmark only evaluates streaming costs, assuming no long-term data retention.",[32,1080,1082],{"id":1081},"inter-broker-replication-costs","Inter-Broker Replication Costs",[48,1084,1085],{},"Inter-broker (cross-AZ) replication is a major cost driver for data streaming engines:",[347,1087,1088,1091,1094],{},[350,1089,1090],{},"RedPanda: Inter-broker replication is not free, leading to substantial costs when data must be copied across multiple availability zones.",[350,1092,1093],{},"AWS MSK: Inter-broker replication is free, but MSK instance pricing is significantly higher (e.g., $3.264 per hour for kafka.m7g.8xlarge vs $1.306 per hour for an on-demand m7g.8xlarge). The storage price of MSK is $0.10 per GB-month which is significantly higher than st1, which costs $0.045 per GB-month. Even though replication is free, client-to-broker traffic still incurs inter-AZ charges.",[350,1095,1096],{},"Ursa: No inter-broker replication costs due to its leaderless architecture, eliminating inter-zone replication costs entirely.",[32,1098,1100],{"id":1099},"zone-affinity-reducing-inter-az-costs","Zone Affinity: Reducing Inter-AZ Costs",[48,1102,1103],{},"We evaluated zone affinity mechanisms to further reduce inter-AZ data transfer costs.",[48,1105,1106],{},"Consumers:",[347,1108,1109],{},[350,1110,1111],{},"Follower fetch is enabled across all tests, ensuring consumers fetch data from replicas in their local AZ—eliminating inter-zone consumer traffic except for metadata lookups",[48,1113,1114],{},"Producers:",[347,1116,1117,1126,1135],{},[350,1118,1119,1120,1125],{},"Kafka protocol lacks an easy way to enforce producer AZ affinity (though ",[55,1121,1124],{"href":1122,"rel":1123},"https:\u002F\u002Fcwiki.apache.org\u002Fconfluence\u002Fdisplay\u002FKAFKA\u002FKIP-1123:+Rack-aware+partitioning+for+Kafka+Producer",[264],"KIP-1123"," aims to address this). And it only works with the default partitioner (i.e., when no record partition or record key is specified).",[350,1127,1128,1129,1134],{},"Redpanda recently introduced ",[55,1130,1133],{"href":1131,"rel":1132},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.redpanda.com\u002Fredpanda-cloud\u002Fdevelop\u002Fproduce-data\u002Fleader-pinning\u002F",[264],"leader pinning",", but this only benefits setups where producers are confined to a single AZ—not applicable to our multi-AZ benchmark.",[350,1136,1137,1138,1143],{},"Ursa is the only system in this test with ",[55,1139,1142],{"href":1140,"rel":1141},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.streamnative.io\u002Fdocs\u002Fconfig-kafka-client#eliminate-cross-az-networking-traffic",[264],"built-in zone affinity for both producers and consumers",". It achieves this by embedding producer AZ information in client.id, allowing metadata lookups to route clients to local-AZ brokers, eliminating inter-AZ producer traffic.",[32,1145,1147],{"id":1146},"cost-comparison-results","Cost Comparison Results",[48,1149,816],{},[347,1151,1152,1154],{},[350,1153,821],{},[350,1155,824],{},[48,1157,1158],{},"Ursa’s leaderless architecture, zone affinity, and native cloud storage integration deliver unparalleled cost efficiency, making it the most cost-effective choice for high-throughput data streaming workloads.",[48,1160,1161],{},[828,1162],{"alt":18,"src":1163},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c72208198ca36a352f228_AD_4nXeeZuM8T-xBlD4Vf3j67K618n08qh8wIDLLtiLJG0ssA1Wj1V26u7wIDTX9sqLrtw8mB2c299dwzarGen62CG0Vh7nWstn5qbPGFcBaKJYEepTsLr5fHWv1U8uqbg8Y0UOK6fJ7.png",[48,1165,1166],{},[828,1167],{"alt":18,"src":1168},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c625978031f40229de484_AD_4nXdLkLLJ30KKr-_A_rN1j8akVwBYacAWIPzWHoOReJF421890kfByZoQQxkLczihVSmiw5Q9J51-V9I2SEKITbwsYnANDDTlAVL5nQ_jfaHNTe9VEWhSoa7DZooCnilDYL6l6msmJg.png",[48,1170,1171],{},"The detailed infrastructure cost calculations for each data streaming engine are listed below:",[32,1173,1175],{"id":1174},"streamnative-ursa","StreamNative - Ursa",[347,1177,1178,1181,1184,1187],{},[350,1179,1180],{},"Server EC2 costs: 9 * $1.536\u002Fhr = $14",[350,1182,1183],{},"Client EC2 costs: 9 * $1.536\u002Fhr =$14",[350,1185,1186],{},"S3 write requests costs: 1350 r\u002Fs * $0.005\u002F1000r * 3600s = $24",[350,1188,1189],{},"S3 read requests costs: 1350 r\u002Fs * $0.0004\u002F1000r * 3600s = $2",[32,1191,1193],{"id":1192},"aws-msk","AWS MSK",[347,1195,1196,1199,1202],{},[350,1197,1198],{},"Server EC2 costs: 15 * $3.264\u002Fhr = $49",[350,1200,1201],{},"Client side EC2 costs: 9 * $1.536\u002Fhr =$14",[350,1203,1204],{},"Interzone traffic - producer to broker: 5GB\u002Fs * ⅔ * $0.02\u002FG(in+out) * 3600 = $240",[32,1206,1208],{"id":1207},"redpanda","RedPanda",[347,1210,1211,1213,1215,1218,1221],{},[350,1212,1180],{},[350,1214,1183],{},[350,1216,1217],{},"Interzone traffic - producer to broker: 5GB\u002Fs * ⅔ * $0.02\u002FGB(in+out) * 3600 = $240",[350,1219,1220],{},"Interzone traffic - replication: 10GB\u002Fs * $0.02\u002FGB(in+out) * 3600 = $720",[350,1222,1223],{},"Interzone traffic - broker to consumer: $0 (fetch from local zone)",[48,1225,1226,1227,1232],{},"Please note that we were unable to test ",[55,1228,1231],{"href":1229,"rel":1230},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.redpanda.com\u002Fblog\u002Fcloud-topics-streaming-data-object-storage",[264],"Redpanda with Cloud Topics",", as it remains an announced but unreleased feature and is not yet available for evaluation. Based on the limited information available, while Cloud Topics may help optimize inter-zone data replication costs, producers still need to traverse inter-availability zones to connect to the topic partition owners and incur inter-zone traffic costs of up to $240 per hour.",[347,1234,1235,1241],{},[350,1236,1237,1240],{},[55,1238,1124],{"href":1122,"rel":1239},[264]," (when implemented) will help mitigate producer-to-broker inter-zone traffic, but it is not yet available. And it only works with the default partitioner (no record partition or key is specified).",[350,1242,1243],{},"Redpanda’s leader pinning helps only when all producers for the pinned topic are confined to a single AZ. In multi-AZ environments (like our benchmark), inter-zone producer traffic remains unavoidable.",[48,1245,1246],{},"Additionally, Redpanda’s Cloud Topics architecture is not documented publicly. Their blog mentions \"leader placement rules to optimize produce latency and ingress cost,\" but it is unclear whether this represents a shift away from a leader-based architecture or if it uses techniques similar to Ursa’s zone-aware approach.",[48,1248,1249],{},"We may revisit this comparison as more details become available.",[40,1251,1253],{"id":1252},"comparing-total-cost-of-ownership","Comparing Total Cost of Ownership",[48,1255,1256],{},"As highlighted earlier, with a BYOC Ursa setup, you can achieve 5 GB\u002Fs throughput at just 5% of the infrastructure cost of a traditional leader-based data streaming engine, such as Kafka or RedPanda, while managing the infrastructure yourself. This significant cost reduction is enabled by Ursa’s leaderless architecture and lakehouse-native storage design, which eliminate overhead costs such as inter-zone traffic and leader-based data replication. By leveraging a lakehouse-native, leaderless architecture, Ursa reduces resource requirements, enabling you to handle high data throughput efficiently and at a fraction of the cost of RedPanda.",[48,1258,1259],{},"Now, let’s examine the total cost comparison, evaluating Ursa alongside other vendors, including those that have adopted a leaderless architecture (e.g., Confluent WarpStream). This comparison is based on a 5GB\u002Fs workload with a 7-day retention period, factoring in both storage cost and vendor costs Here are the key findings:",[347,1261,1262,1265,1268],{},[350,1263,1264],{},"Ursa ($164,353\u002Fmonth) is: 50% cheaper than Confluent WarpStream ($337,068\u002Fmonth)",[350,1266,1267],{},"85% cheaper than AWS MSK ($1,115,251\u002Fmonth)",[350,1269,1270],{},"86% cheaper than Redpanda ($1,202,853\u002Fmonth)",[48,1272,1273],{},"In addition to Ursa’s architectural advantages—eliminating most inter-AZ traffic and leveraging lakehouse storage for cost-effective data retention—it also adopts a more fair and cost-efficient pricing model: Elastic Throughput-based pricing. This approach aligns costs with actual usage, avoiding unnecessary overhead.",[48,1275,1276],{},"Unlike WarpStream, which charges for both storage and throughput, Ursa ensures that customers only pay for the throughput they actively use. Ursa’s pricing is based on compressed data sent by clients, meaning the more data compressed on the client side, the lower the cost. In contrast, WarpStream prices are based on uncompressed data, unfairly inflating expenses and failing to incentivize customers to optimize their client applications.",[48,1278,1279],{},"This distinction is crucial, as compressed data reduces both storage and network costs, making Ursa’s pricing model not only more cost-effective but also more transparent and predictable.",[48,1281,1282],{},[828,1283],{"alt":18,"src":1284},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602d194800c9206d9d58_AD_4nXcFlf755xgyz7htxhMhBV5fGrsxy642mQNodt61DTok_z1dwkw5A6lkO5hatXVneCaB0anbZPAyvLI3MlIMuQEYLEACHHvQMOr5UfaB37dfzkdqewDEvcT-20VGd_zzvJsuA00zGA.png",[48,1286,1287],{},[828,1288],{"alt":18,"src":1289},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c62594e9c2e629fae73aa_AD_4nXeU6cOgItnjLsEZCOf13TEvMY_SHWWIxYP2OYUj-B1GUPyWO78OG08K_v03hwYSVcg06f9dqDiGmdwy76vynjmiDGL5bluZ5_XF4nSU_r59oOZdfViXndXt6s11vVOY7qwfZN8v.png",[32,1291,1293],{"id":1292},"cost-breakdown","Cost Breakdown",[1295,1296,1297],"h4",{"id":1174},"StreamNative – Ursa",[347,1299,1300,1303,1306,1309,1312],{},[350,1301,1302],{},"EC2 (Server): 9 × $1.536\u002Fhr × 24 hr × 30 days = $9,953.28",[350,1304,1305],{},"S3 Write Requests: 1,350 r\u002Fs × $0.005\u002F1,000 r × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 30 days = $17,496",[350,1307,1308],{},"S3 Read Requests: 1,350 r\u002Fs × $0.0004\u002F1,000 r × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 30 days = $1,400",[350,1310,1311],{},"S3 Storage Costs: 5 GB\u002Fs × $0.021\u002FGB × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 7 days = $63,504",[350,1313,1314],{},"Vendor Cost: 200 ETU × $0.50\u002Fhr × 24 hr × 30 days = $72,000",[1295,1316,1318],{"id":1317},"warpstream","WarpStream",[347,1320,1321,1324],{},[350,1322,1323],{},"Based on WarpStream’s pricing calculator (as of January 29, 2025), we assume a 4:1 client data compression ratio, meaning 20 GB\u002Fs of uncompressed data translates to 5 GB\u002Fs of compressed data.",[350,1325,1326,1327,1332],{},"It's important to note that WarpStream’s pricing structure has fluctuated frequently throughout January. We observed the cost reported by their calculator changing from $409,644 per month to $337,068 per month. This variability has been previously highlighted in the blog post “",[55,1328,1331],{"href":1329,"rel":1330},"https:\u002F\u002Fbigdata.2minutestreaming.com\u002Fp\u002Fthe-brutal-truth-about-apache-kafka-cost-calculators",[264],"The Brutal Truth About Kafka Cost Calculators","”. To ensure transparency, we have documented the pricing as of January 29, 2025.",[48,1334,1335],{},[828,1336],{"alt":18,"src":1337},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602e42713e0028e9af5e_AD_4nXcu5_VWTLu9jRYs6zX1MBAOtLQEo5gyfNSWPcbpnQHXTa8qNCFAXezRR2E8daygzYTTwd4dhJjaLaLM8C6y_3OGbu2NS7pdvEv3a8-ptNKOg7AeKnYqPQCAYvQ5EuxzuI3JYIvY.png",[1295,1339,1341],{"id":1340},"msk","MSK",[347,1343,1344,1347,1350],{},[350,1345,1346],{},"EC2 (Server): 15 * $3.264\u002Fhr × 24 hr × 30 days = $35,251",[350,1348,1349],{},"Interzone Traffic (Client-Server): 5 GB\u002Fs × ⅔ × $0.02\u002FGB (in+out) × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 30 days = $172,800",[350,1351,1352],{},"Storage: 5 GB\u002Fs × $0.1\u002FGB-month × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 7 days * 3 replicas = $907,200",[1295,1354,1208],{"id":1355},"redpanda-1",[347,1357,1358,1361,1363,1366,1369],{},[350,1359,1360],{},"EC2 (Server): 9 × $1.536\u002Fhr × 24 hr × 30 days = $9953",[350,1362,1349],{},[350,1364,1365],{},"Interzone Traffic (Replication): 5 GB\u002Fs × 2 × $0.02\u002FGB (in+out) × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 30 days = $518,400",[350,1367,1368],{},"Storage: 5 GB\u002Fs × $0.045\u002FGB-month(st1) × 3,600 s × 24 hr × 7 days * 3 replicas = $408,240",[350,1370,1371],{},"Vendor Cost: $93,333 per month (based on limited information. See additional notes below).",[1295,1373,1375],{"id":1374},"additional-notes","Additional Notes",[347,1377,1378],{},[350,1379,1380,1381,1386],{},"Redpanda does not publicly disclose its BYOC pricing, making it difficult to accurately assess its total costs. We refer to information from the whitepaper “",[55,1382,1385],{"href":1383,"rel":1384},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.redpanda.com\u002Fresources\u002Fredpanda-vs-confluent-performance-tco-benchmark-report#form",[264],"Redpanda vs. Confluent: A Performance and TCO Benchmark Report by McKnight Consulting Group.","” for estimation purposes. Based on the Tier-8 pricing model in the whitepaper,  the estimated cost to support a 5GB\u002Fs workload would be $1.12 million per year ($93,333 per month). However, since this calculation is based on an estimation, we will revisit and refine the cost assessment once Redpanda publishes its BYOC pricing.",[48,1388,1389],{},[828,1390],{"alt":18,"src":1391},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602dc8a9859eed89a0ef_AD_4nXdbcO8vsNNPy4GtkNLlmNKf22fjxRvzLzH7CtOna1L08sTbvnZx3HhufeFqc1w4K2gEF7lxO2IR5supotxebAiGnA07Qa8Yr3Rd1pVK2LYKK4WurlJGwgdwwucZIFoF-N_2oBjY.png",[48,1393,1394],{},[828,1395],{"alt":18,"src":1396},"\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c602d6bc1c2287e012540_AD_4nXfcHZnLfjbjIr3ZAgoQXT9dwP3aQCOQPmGZZJUtpNZSwE6qY6M3yehIaBxCwxEIeu5PVdUPY0zhyjnow26YfgjdYgSG4GnV9ibxu0YWTIpwng6z_F6FUGJMpERMKtpsFESzXSN_Sw.png",[347,1398,1399,1402],{},[350,1400,1401],{},"When estimating the storage costs for Kafka and Redpanda, we assume the use of HDD storage at $0.045\u002FGB, based on the premise that both systems can fully utilize disk bandwidth without incurring the higher costs associated with GP2 or GP3 volumes. However, in practice, many users opt for GP2 or GP3, significantly increasing the total storage cost for Kafka and Redpanda.",[350,1403,1404],{},"Unlike disk-based solutions, S3 storage does not require capacity preallocation—Ursa only incurs costs for the actual data stored. This contrasts with Kafka and Redpanda, where preallocating storage can drive up expenses. As a result, the real-world storage costs for Kafka and Redpanda are often 50% higher than the estimates above.",[40,1406,1408],{"id":1407},"conclusion","Conclusion",[48,1410,1411],{},"Ursa represents a transformative shift in streaming data infrastructure, offering cost efficiency, scalability, and flexibility without compromising durability or reliability. By leveraging a leaderless architecture and eliminating inter-zone data replication, Ursa reduces total cost of ownership by over 90% compared to traditional leader-based streaming engines like Kafka and Redpanda. Its direct integration with cloud storage and scalable metadata & index management via Oxia ensure high availability and simplified infrastructure management.",[32,1413,1415],{"id":1414},"balancing-latency-and-cost","Balancing Latency and Cost",[48,1417,1418,1422],{},[55,1419,1421],{"href":1420},"\u002Fblog\u002Fcap-theorem-for-data-streaming","Ursa trades off slightly higher latency for ultra low cost",", making it an ideal choice for the majority of streaming workloads, especially those that prioritize throughput and cost savings over ultra-low latency. Meanwhile, StreamNative’s BookKeeper-based engine remains the preferred solution for real-time, latency-sensitive applications. By combining these two approaches, StreamNative empowers customers with the flexibility to choose the right engine for their specific needs—whether it's maximizing cost savings or achieving ultra low-latency real-time performance.",[32,1424,1426],{"id":1425},"the-future-of-streaming-infrastructure","The Future of Streaming Infrastructure",[48,1428,1429],{},"In an era where data fuels AI, analytics, and real-time decision-making, managing infrastructure costs is critical to sustaining innovation. Ursa is not just a cost-cutting alternative—it is a forward-thinking, lakehouse-native platform that redefines how modern data streaming infrastructure should be built and operated.",[48,1431,1432,1433,1438],{},"Whether your priority is reducing costs, improving flexibility, or ingesting massive data into lakehouses, Ursa delivers a future-proof solution for the evolving demands of real-time data streaming. ",[55,1434,1437],{"href":1435,"rel":1436},"https:\u002F\u002Fconsole.streamnative.cloud\u002F",[264],"Get started"," with StreamNative Ursa today!",[1440,1441,1443],"h1",{"id":1442},"references","References",[48,1445,1446,1449,1450],{},[1447,1448,907],"span",{}," ",[55,1451,1452],{"href":1452},"\u002Fblog\u002Fintroducing-oxia-scalable-metadata-and-coordination",[48,1454,1455,1449,1457],{},[1447,1456,856],{},[55,1458,855],{"href":855},[48,1460,1461,1449,1464],{},[1447,1462,1463],{},"StreamNative pricing",[55,1465,1466],{"href":1466,"rel":1467},"https:\u002F\u002Fdocs.streamnative.io\u002Fdocs\u002Fbilling-overview",[264],[48,1469,1470,1449,1473],{},[1447,1471,1472],{},"WarpStream pricing",[55,1474,1475],{"href":1475,"rel":1476},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.warpstream.com\u002Fpricing#pricingfaqs",[264],[48,1478,1479,1449,1482],{},[1447,1480,1481],{},"AWS S3 pricing",[55,1483,1484],{"href":1484,"rel":1485},"https:\u002F\u002Faws.amazon.com\u002Fs3\u002Fpricing\u002F",[264],[48,1487,1488,1449,1491],{},[1447,1489,1490],{},"AWS EBS pricing",[55,1492,1493],{"href":1493,"rel":1494},"https:\u002F\u002Faws.amazon.com\u002Febs\u002Fpricing\u002F",[264],[48,1496,1497,1449,1500],{},[1447,1498,1499],{},"AWS MSK pricing",[55,1501,1502],{"href":1502,"rel":1503},"https:\u002F\u002Faws.amazon.com\u002Fmsk\u002Fpricing\u002F",[264],[48,1505,1506,1449,1509],{},[1447,1507,1508],{},"The Brutal Truth about Kafka Cost Calculators",[55,1510,1329],{"href":1329,"rel":1511},[264],[48,1513,1514,1449,1517],{},[1447,1515,1516],{},"Redpanda vs. Confluent: A Performance and TCO Benchmark Report by McKnight Consulting Group",[55,1518,1383],{"href":1383,"rel":1519},[264],{"title":18,"searchDepth":19,"depth":19,"links":1521},[1522,1523,1524,1529,1533,1534,1543,1546],{"id":812,"depth":19,"text":813},{"id":849,"depth":19,"text":850},{"id":874,"depth":19,"text":875,"children":1525},[1526,1527,1528],{"id":886,"depth":279,"text":887},{"id":911,"depth":279,"text":912},{"id":932,"depth":279,"text":933},{"id":956,"depth":19,"text":957,"children":1530},[1531,1532],{"id":960,"depth":279,"text":961},{"id":975,"depth":279,"text":976},{"id":1016,"depth":19,"text":1017},{"id":1028,"depth":19,"text":1029,"children":1535},[1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542],{"id":1035,"depth":279,"text":1036},{"id":1081,"depth":279,"text":1082},{"id":1099,"depth":279,"text":1100},{"id":1146,"depth":279,"text":1147},{"id":1174,"depth":279,"text":1175},{"id":1192,"depth":279,"text":1193},{"id":1207,"depth":279,"text":1208},{"id":1252,"depth":19,"text":1253,"children":1544},[1545],{"id":1292,"depth":279,"text":1293},{"id":1407,"depth":19,"text":1408,"children":1547},[1548,1549],{"id":1414,"depth":279,"text":1415},{"id":1425,"depth":279,"text":1426},"StreamNative Cloud","2025-01-31","Discover how Ursa achieves 5GB\u002Fs Kafka workloads at just 5% of the cost of traditional streaming engines like Redpanda and AWS MSK. See our benchmark results comparing infrastructure costs, total cost of ownership (TCO), and performance across leading Kafka vendors.","\u002Fimgs\u002Fblogs\u002F679c6593d25099b1cdcec4ca_image-31.png",{},"\u002Fblog\u002Fhow-we-run-a-5-gb-s-kafka-workload-for-just-50-per-hour","30 min",{"title":787,"description":1552},"blog\u002Fhow-we-run-a-5-gb-s-kafka-workload-for-just-50-per-hour",[1560,1561,303],"TCO","Apache Kafka","CDUawvFKTs_AD8usvmIcTleU3mbfA0QAoPZM6xfVuo8",1776409734570]